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Twelve Words: Assad’s Hacker, a Fake Tweet, and the Ransom the Banks Wouldn’t Wire
Category AI, Data and Technology
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.11

Twelve Words: Assad’s Hacker, a Fake Tweet, and the Ransom the Banks Wouldn’t Wire

A few minutes after one o’clock on the afternoon of April 23, 2013, a message appeared on the...

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The Board Vanished, the Cassation Appeal Went With It: the Supreme Administrative Court on a Company Without a Management Board (I FSK 41/24)
Category Taxes and Tax Disputes
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.10

The Board Vanished, the Cassation Appeal Went With It: the Supreme Administrative Court on a Company Without a Management Board (I FSK 41/24)

  By an order of 3 November 2026 (case no. I FSK 41/24) the Supreme Administrative Court (Naczelny...

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Not Unusual: What the Lawsuit Against Nvidia and Jensen Huang Says, and What It Leaves Out
Category Litigation and Precedents
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.10

Not Unusual: What the Lawsuit Against Nvidia and Jensen Huang Says, and What It Leaves Out

As of November 10, 2026. A complaint sets out a plaintiff’s allegations, not the findings of a court....

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Time Is a Player: Russell Brand Gets Ten and a Half Years for Crimes Two Decades Old
Category Litigation and Precedents
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.10

Time Is a Player: Russell Brand Gets Ten and a Half Years for Crimes Two Decades Old

On Monday, November 9, 2026, at Southwark Crown Court, in London, Mr. Justice Bennathan sentenced Russell Brand, the...

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The Antichrist Without Christ: Peter Thiel’s Nashville Lectures
Category Beyond the Letter of the Law
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.09

The Antichrist Without Christ: Peter Thiel’s Nashville Lectures

What Peter Thiel’s Nashville lectures get wrong about the oldest villain in Christianity. Six Hours in a Masonic...

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Deepfake C.E.O. Fraud: Inside the $129 Million Indictment
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.07

Deepfake C.E.O. Fraud: Inside the $129 Million Indictment

On or about October 8, 2024, an employee of a large investment bank in New York, someone whose...

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The Negatives: What the Case Against Thomas Markle Can Reach, and What It Cannot
Category Litigation and Precedents
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.06

The Negatives: What the Case Against Thomas Markle Can Reach, and What It Cannot

Robert Nogacki, Kancelaria Prawna Skarbiec, November 6, 2026 On Friday, November 6, 2026, agents of the F.B.I. walked...

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Company Without a Management Board: Who Gets the VAT Bill
Category Taxes and Tax Disputes
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.06

Company Without a Management Board: Who Gets the VAT Bill

  In November 2024 someone sold a used car for PLN 9,500, signing the contract with the name...

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The Dolphins That Were Never There: Advocate General Szpunar on Gemini, Press Publishers and the First AI Case Before the Court of Justice (C-250/25)
Category AI, Data and Technology
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.05

The Dolphins That Were Never There: Advocate General Szpunar on Gemini, Press Publishers and the First AI Case Before the Court of Justice (C-250/25)

Robert Nogacki, Attorney at Law, Managing Partner, Kancelaria Prawna Skarbiec. Warsaw, 4 November 2026 On 3 November 2026,...

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A Hundred Million in Boldface: Paris Jackson Takes On the Executor of Michael Jackson’s Estate
Category Family Wealth and Succession
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.05

A Hundred Million in Boldface: Paris Jackson Takes On the Executor of Michael Jackson’s Estate

The daughter wants the executors’ fee cut and six hundred million dollars moved into a trust that, she...

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The Seal on the Invoice: Case T‑569/25 and Good Faith under the VAT Margin Scheme
Category Taxes and Tax Disputes
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.11.01

The Seal on the Invoice: Case T‑569/25 and Good Faith under the VAT Margin Scheme

A Polish dealer brings a used car in from Germany on an invoice that carries a note saying...

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Roundup Won in Court, but Not Because It Is Safe
Category Litigation and Precedents
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.31

Roundup Won in Court, but Not Because It Is Safe

On October 29th, a jury in St. Louis County returned a unanimous verdict for Monsanto in the case...

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Binance Lost $6.4 Billion in Twenty Minutes. Here Is How North Korea Launders It, and Why Only Half Could Be Frozen
Category Crypto and Digital Assets
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.31

Binance Lost $6.4 Billion in Twenty Minutes. Here Is How North Korea Launders It, and Why Only Half Could Be Frozen

On the afternoon of October 29, 2026, a few minutes after four o’clock in New York, which was...

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Zonda: A Hundred Million for Everybody. Why Asking Prosecutors to Ship the Seized Millions to the Estonian Trustee Sounds Wonderful and Means Nothing, and Who Should Actually Pay
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.26

Zonda: A Hundred Million for Everybody. Why Asking Prosecutors to Ship the Seized Millions to the Estonian Trustee Sounds Wonderful and Means Nothing, and Who Should Actually Pay

An idea keeps circulating around the bankruptcy of the Zonda exchange, and it sounds like a solution to...

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Fifteen Years Is Enough. Europe’s Top Court on VAT Fraud, Slow Judges and Why Running a Criminal Group May Cost More Than the Crime
Category White-Collar and Tax Crime
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.25

Fifteen Years Is Enough. Europe’s Top Court on VAT Fraud, Slow Judges and Why Running a Criminal Group May Cost More Than the Crime

On 15 October 2026 the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled in Gidzhinov (C-321/25) that a...

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The Boomerang: How Instruments of Repression Turn on Their Makers
Category White-Collar and Tax Crime
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.25

The Boomerang: How Instruments of Repression Turn on Their Makers

On June 10, 1794, the National Convention passed the Law of 22 Prairial. A defendant before the Revolutionary...

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A Camera in Ohio, a Licence in Warsaw: Remote Video Monitoring from Poland and the MSWiA Concession
Category Companies, Contracts and Governance
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.23

A Camera in Ohio, a Licence in Warsaw: Remote Video Monitoring from Poland and the MSWiA Concession

  Picture a night shift. At a quarter past three in the morning, Ohio time, a man walks...

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Zonda: What Polish Prosecutors Can Do for the Estonian Trustee, What They Must Not Do, and a Proposal to the Minister of Justice on Paying Victims Without Waiting for a Verdict
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.23

Zonda: What Polish Prosecutors Can Do for the Estonian Trustee, What They Must Not Do, and a Proposal to the Minister of Justice on Paying Victims Without Waiting for a Verdict

Until Tuesday, 27 October, customers of the collapsed Zonda exchange are filing their claims with the Estonian trustee....

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Zondacrypto: How an Exchange Laundered Its Credibility Through Sponsorship. Juventus, Raków, the Olympic Committee, and 4.6 Million Euros of Customers’ Money
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.17

Zondacrypto: How an Exchange Laundered Its Credibility Through Sponsorship. Juventus, Raków, the Olympic Committee, and 4.6 Million Euros of Customers’ Money

The Juventus and Raków contracts in detail: the clauses that protected the clubs, and the ones that were...

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Zonda: The Finance Ministry Confirms Income Tax on an Exchange That Never Happened. The Tax Office Will Be the Only Creditor to Recover Everything
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.17

Zonda: The Finance Ministry Confirms Income Tax on an Exchange That Never Happened. The Tax Office Will Be the Only Creditor to Recover Everything

Kancelaria Prawna Skarbiec · Robert Nogacki, attorney-at-law · October 17, 2026 Poland’s Ministry of Finance answered a journalist’s...

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Arizona Sues OpenAI: A Chatbot Built to Agree and 1,200 Agents Off the Leash
Category AI, Data and Technology
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.15

Arizona Sues OpenAI: A Chatbot Built to Agree and 1,200 Agents Off the Leash

Arizona’s Attorney General, Kris Mayes, filed an 87-page civil complaint against OpenAI in Maricopa County Superior Court on...

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Pegasus, Poland, and the Court That Knew First
Category White-Collar and Tax Crime
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.15

Pegasus, Poland, and the Court That Knew First

For 5 years, Poland argued about a surveillance tool that nobody in the room could describe. A federal...

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Diddy in the Hospital, Then Back in Solitary: What the Record of United States v. Combs Really Shows
Category Litigation and Precedents
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.13

Diddy in the Hospital, Then Back in Solitary: What the Record of United States v. Combs Really Shows

At around one o’clock on the morning of Saturday, October 10, 2026, an ambulance pulled out of the...

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The KRRiT VOD Register in Poland: Which Influencers Must Register and Who Should Be the Provider
Category AI, Data and Technology
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.13

The KRRiT VOD Register in Poland: Which Influencers Must Register and Who Should Be the Provider

Robert NogackiRobert Nogacki is a Polish attorney at law (radca prawny), the founder and managing partner of Kancelaria...

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Poland’s School Attacks and the 764 Network: The Hypothesis to Test First
Category Beyond the Letter of the Law
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.10

Poland’s School Attacks and the 764 Network: The Hypothesis to Test First

A thirteen-year-old from Książki, a village near Wąbrzeźno in northern Poland, told a stranger he was playing with...

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Zonda: Who Stood Behind BitBay? The Dubai Papers
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.07

Zonda: Who Stood Behind BitBay? The Dubai Papers

From 2018 onward, BitBay, the exchange that later became Zonda, was owned by three Dubai companies: Arial, Skybay...

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Two Versions of One Night: What the Cornell Case Reveals About the Law’s Trouble with Consent
Category Litigation and Precedents
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.04

Two Versions of One Night: What the Cornell Case Reveals About the Law’s Trouble with Consent

There are two accounts of what happened on the upper floors of the Chi Phi house at Cornell...

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Poland’s Family Foundation Tax Reform from 2027: What Changes and What to Do Before Year-End (Sejm Print No. 3148)
Category Companies, Contracts and Governance
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.03

Poland’s Family Foundation Tax Reform from 2027: What Changes and What to Do Before Year-End (Sejm Print No. 3148)

Robert Nogacki, Attorney at Law (radca prawny), Managing Partner, Kancelaria Prawna Skarbiec. The analysis reflects the state of...

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Christa Pike Survived Her Own Execution. Does the Death Penalty Serve Any Purpose?
Category Litigation and Precedents
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.10.01

Christa Pike Survived Her Own Execution. Does the Death Penalty Serve Any Purpose?

Tennessee gave Christa Pike two doses of pentobarbital and failed to kill her. In the night of September...

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CJEU Judgment in Case C‑67/25: Russian Disinformation and Content Creator Liability
Category White-Collar and Tax Crime
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.09.28

CJEU Judgment in Case C‑67/25: Russian Disinformation and Content Creator Liability

On July 2, 2026, the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled in Case C‑67/25 that a...

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A Judge Found Hidden Instructions for AI in a Court Filing and Sanctioned the Plaintiff. It Is the First Such Ruling in the U.S.
Category AI, Data and Technology
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.09.27

A Judge Found Hidden Instructions for AI in a Court Filing and Sanctioned the Plaintiff. It Is the First Such Ruling in the U.S.

The Connecticut Superior Court in Milford rescinded a plaintiff’s e-filing privileges on August 6, 2026, over white, tiny...

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Zonda: the taxman wants PIT on crypto swapped into złoty. The exchange had neither the crypto nor the złoty
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.09.25

Zonda: the taxman wants PIT on crypto swapped into złoty. The exchange had neither the crypto nor the złoty

Clients of zondacrypto, Poland’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, which halted withdrawals in April 2026, are to pay tax on...

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The Zonda Wallet That Woke Up
Category Crypto and Digital Assets
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.09.04

The Zonda Wallet That Woke Up

Five and a half million zlotys, a single private key, and a court order that was already in...

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The Debtor Who Wasn’t on the Books
Category Crypto and Digital Assets
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.09.02

The Debtor Who Wasn’t on the Books

Rafał Z., Poland’s loudest trader, sits in a Katowice jail, charged with misappropriating 1.7 million zloty belonging to...

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What Is a Claim Worth When No One Has Counted It?
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.09.02

What Is a Claim Worth When No One Has Counted It?

How American, Estonian, and Polish courts will calculate the losses of zondacrypto’s customers—and why the number on the...

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The Zondacrypto Bankruptcy Is Declared: One Deadline Now Governs
Category Crypto and Digital Assets
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.08.27

The Zondacrypto Bankruptcy Is Declared: One Deadline Now Governs

Abstract. On 27 August 2026, at 11.00, the Harju County Court in Tallinn adjudged BB Trade Estonia OÜ,...

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Internet Frauds
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.05.03

Internet Frauds

Why a Nineteenth-Century Doctrine of Defective Consent Cannot See the Twenty-First-Century Confidence Game — and Whose Interests That...

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The Digital Mirror
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.04.29

The Digital Mirror

Why the balance on a frozen crypto-exchange account is not, in any meaningful legal sense, income — and...

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What Madoff’s Bankers Could Teach the Customers of a Polish Crypto Exchange
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.04.28

What Madoff’s Bankers Could Teach the Customers of a Polish Crypto Exchange

On the afternoon of April 20, 2026, a regulatory filing landed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange’s NewConnect market...

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Swiss Investment of Zonda
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.04.22

Swiss Investment of Zonda

How four annual reports from a European crypto exchange tell us, and then stop telling us, about a...

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Sylwester Suszek – The Exit, in Five Acts
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.04.21

Sylwester Suszek – The Exit, in Five Acts

By Robert Nogacki · Skarbiec Law Firm · April 21, 2026 On April 16, 2026, the president of...

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The Exchange That Promised to Keep Your Coins Safe. A Post-Mortem
Category Financial Fraud and Scandals
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.04.19

The Exchange That Promised to Keep Your Coins Safe. A Post-Mortem

Kancelaria Prawna Skarbiec · Robert Nogacki, attorney at law April 19, 2026. Fifth in a series: “Zondacrypto –...

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The “Nanny” from Beijing. Who Else Is Watching the Baby Monitor Feed?
Category AI, Data and Technology
Author: Robert Nogacki 2026.02.21

The “Nanny” from Beijing. Who Else Is Watching the Baby Monitor Feed?

Texas Sues Lorex for Misleading Consumers—and Exposes the Hidden Surveillance Architecture Inside Home Security Cameras   On February...

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Robert Nogacki — latest publications

The Stand-Still Principle in Civil Transaction Taxes
2025-10-01

Category: Taxes and Tax Disputes

The Stand-Still Principle in Civil Transaction Taxes

The decision rendered by the Regional Administrative Court in Gdańsk on September 2, 2025 (I SA/Gd…

read more
All or Nothing: Negotiation Strategies Employed by Private Equity Funds
2025-09-29

Category: Companies, Contracts and Governance

All or Nothing: Negotiation Strategies Employed by Private Equity Funds

  The sale of a business to a private equity fund frequently resembles a chess match…

read more
Global Legal Frameworks for Decentralized Autonomous Organizations
2025-09-22

Category: Crypto and Digital Assets

Global Legal Frameworks for Decentralized Autonomous Organizations

Decentralized Autonomous Organizations, commonly designated as DAOs, represent a fundamentally novel organizational paradigm that harnesses blockchain…

read more
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Skarbiec Legal Office PLUS Robert Nogacki Limited Partnership operates based on its entry in the Register of Entrepreneurs of the National Court Register kept by the District Court for the Capital City of Warsaw in Warsaw, 13th Commercial Division of the National Court Register under KRS No. 0000536926; it is entered in the National Official Business Register REGON under No. 360489309 and marked with Tax Identification Number NIP 5223021912.